How not to network a nation : the uneasy history of the Soviet internet /
Benjamin Peters.
- 1 PDF (xiii, 298 pages) : illustrations, maps.
- Information policy .
- Information policy series. .
Includes bibliographical references and index.
Introduction -- A global history of cybernetics -- Economic cybernetics and its limits -- From network to patchwork: three pioneering network projects that didn't, 1959 to 1962 -- Staging the OGAS, 1962 to 1969 -- The undoing of the OGAS, 1970 to 1989 -- Conclusion.
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"Between 1959 and 1989, Soviet scientists and officials made numerous attempts to network their nation -- to construct a nationwide computer network. None of these attempts succeeded, and the enterprise had been abandoned by the time the Soviet Union fell apart. Meanwhile, ARPANET, the American precursor to the Internet, went online in 1969. Why did the Soviet network, with top-level scientists and patriotic incentives, fail while the American network succeeded? In How Not to Network a Nation, Benjamin Peters reverses the usual cold war dualities and argues that the American ARPANET took shape thanks to well-managed state subsidies and collaborative research environments and the Soviet network projects stumbled because of unregulated competition among self-interested institutions, bureaucrats, and others. The capitalists behaved like socialists while the socialists behaved like capitalists. After examining the midcentury rise of cybernetics, the science of self-governing systems, and the emergence in the Soviet Union of economic cybernetics, Peters complicates this uneasy role reversal while chronicling the various Soviet attempts to build a "unified information network." Drawing on previously unknown archival and historical materials, he focuses on the final, and most ambitious of these projects, the All-State Automated System of Management (OGAS), and its principal promoter, Viktor M. Glushkov. Peters describes the rise and fall of OGAS -- its theoretical and practical reach, its vision of a national economy managed by network, the bureaucratic obstacles it encountered, and the institutional stalemate that killed it. Finally, he considers the implications of the Soviet experience for today's networked world."
Mode of access: World Wide Web
9780262334198
Computer networks--History.--Soviet Union Internetworking (Telecommunication)--Research--History.--Soviet Union Internet Internetworking Rechnernetz